Basic Program of C++ Programing language
Basic Program of C++ Programing language
1) "Hello, World!" Program
CODE:
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << "Hello World!";
return 0;
}
Output:
Hello World!
2) Print Number Entered by User
CODE:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int number;
cout << "Enter an integer: ";
cin >> number;
cout << "You entered " << number;
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter an integer: 121
You entered 121
3) Add Two Numbers
NOTE: // means Comment that means that line will not be executed by compiler
CODE:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int firstNumber, secondNumber, sumOfTwoNumbers;
cout << "Enter two integers: ";
cin >> firstNumber >> secondNumber;
// sum of two numbers in stored in variable sumOfTwoNumbers
sumOfTwoNumbers = firstNumber + secondNumber;
// Prints sum
cout << firstNumber << " + " << secondNumber << " = " << sumOfTwoNumbers;
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter two integers: 12
9
12 + 9 = 21
4) Find Quotient and Remainder
CODE:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int divisor, dividend, quotient, remainder;
cout << "Enter dividend: ";
cin >> dividend;
cout << "Enter divisor: ";
cin >> divisor;
quotient = dividend / divisor;
remainder = dividend % divisor;
cout << "Quotient = " << quotient << endl;
cout << "Remainder = " << remainder;
return 0;
}
Output
Enter dividend: 13
Enter divisor: 4
Quotient = 3
Remainder = 1
CONCEPT:
The division operator / computes the quotient (either between float or integer variables).
The modulus operator % computes the remainder when one integer is divided by
another (modulus operator cannot be used for floating-type variables).
5) Find Size of int, float, double and char in your Computer
CODE:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Size of char: " << sizeof(char) << " byte" << endl;
cout << "Size of int: " << sizeof(int) << " bytes" << endl;
cout << "Size of float: " << sizeof(float) << " bytes" << endl;
cout << "Size of double: " << sizeof(double) << " bytes" << endl;
return 0;
}
Output
Size of char: 1 byte
Size of int: 4 bytes
Size of float: 4 bytes
Size of double: 8 bytes
Note: You may get different results if you are using an old computer.
CONCEPT:
To find the size of the variable, the size of the operator is used.
sizeof(dataType);
6) Swap Two Numbers
Method 1: Swap Numbers (Using Temporary Variable)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 5, b = 10, temp;
cout << "Before swapping." << endl;
cout << "a = " << a << ", b = " << b << endl;
temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
cout << "\nAfter swapping." << endl;
cout << "a = " << a << ", b = " << b << endl;
return 0;
}
Output
Before swapping.
a = 5, b = 10
After swapping.
a = 10, b = 5
Method 2: Swap Numbers Without Using Temporary Variables
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 5, b = 10;
cout << "Before swapping." << endl;
cout << "a = " << a << ", b = " << b << endl;
a = a + b;
b = a - b;
a = a - b;
cout << "\nAfter swapping." << endl;
cout << "a = " << a << ", b = " << b << endl;
return 0;
}
CONCEPT:
Initially, a = 5 and b = 10.
Then, we add a and b and store it in a with the code a = a + b. This means a = 5 + 10.
So, a = 15 now.
Then we use the code b = a - b. This means b = 15 - 10. So, b = 5 now.
Again, we use the code a = a - b. This means a = 15 - 5. So finally, a = 10.
Hence, the numbers have been swapped.
Note: We can also use multiplication and division instead of addition and subtraction.
However, this won't work if one of the numbers is 0.
int a = 5, b = 10;
// using multiplication and division for swapping
a = a * b; // a = 50
b = a / b; // b = 5
a = a / b; // a = 10
7) Program to Find ASCII Value of a Character
THEORY:
A character variable holds ASCII value (an integer number between 0 and 127) rather
than that character itself in C programming. That value is known as ASCII value.
For example, the ASCII value of 'A' is 65. What this means is that, if you assign 'A' to a
character variable, 65 is stored in that variable rather than 'A' itself.
CODE:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
char c;
cout << "Enter a character: ";
cin >> c;
cout << "ASCII Value of " << c << " is " << int(c);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter a character: p
ASCII Value of p is 112
CONCEPT:
When we explicitly print the integer value of a char type, it's corresponding ASCII value
is printed.
8) Program to Multiply two Numbers
CODE:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
double num1, num2, product;
cout << "Enter two numbers: ";
// stores two floating point numbers in num1 and num2 respectively
cin >> num1 >> num2;
// performs multiplication and stores the result in product variable
product = num1 * num2;
cout << "Product = " << product;
return 0;
}
Output
Enter two numbers: 3.4
5.5
Product = 18.7
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